| Re: What is the first law of Universe ? How can a quantum of light move in a vacuum? The planets travel without friction in the vacuum. This means the vacuum is an empty space. Light waves are transverse waves, therefore it means the vacuum must be as firm as steel. How does a quantum of light move in such an unintelligible vacuum? -------------------- The common answer is that light consists actually of two waves, an electric wave and a magnetic wave. According to Maxwell's equations, both induce and thus maintain each other mutually, and thus there is no need for a medium and the light can propagate in a vacuum. ------------------------ I studied this concept 50 years ago, but ...50 years have passed... And now I cannot take the school concept seriously. Why? Because: 1. I think it is impossible that electric and magnetic waves exist at the same time. Between them, there must be a very short rupture of time. Then at some moment light will be an electrical wave, and in another moment, a magnetic wave. But this electrical waves must be a transverse wave, which means that the vacuum is as firm as steel. Unless am I wrong? 2. It is 100% right that " an electric wave and a magnetic wave, according to Maxwell's equations, both induce and thus maintain each other mutually". But this statement is right only according to classic ( macro) electrodynamics. When Maxwell's electrodynamics is used in the microworld, then it requires the idea of "quantum of light". 3. It is not correct to use the common word "light" in quantum theory. The word "light" is possible to use on a beach, in a market, in every another place, but not in quantum theory. Here it is necessary to say "quantum of light". 4. And now everybody knows that light quanta is a wave and particle at the same time. And when somebody says : "that light consists actually of two waves, an electric wave and a magnetic wave", he forgets the photon is a particle also. The usage of only wave abilities is not enough to explain the photon’s motion The picture of the photon's action is not complete. Then....... If we want to see the whole picture of photon’s motion, we must imagine that its motion jumps from an electric wave to a magnetic wave and back, from a magnetic wave to an electric wave and back, and back........ I see my explanation is difficult. Maybe it is better and simpler to imagine the photon driving a bicycle when one wheel is an electric wave and another wheel is a magnetic wave. Sorry. I only want to say that to use sentences like, "light quanta is wave and particle at the same time", "light consists actually of two waves - an electric wave and a magnetic wave in its motion in a vacuum" is not correct. P.S. Imitating some methodology: There are birds that can walk, fly and swim. The birds who don’t have one of these abilities are not birds, according to complementarity and the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics.
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