[Graybeard]

Dip .... I'm not sure and would only be guessing. However I see part of the problem

From 1 .. 'e' appears to be the charge in the inverse square law of Electricity. The force between two charges separated by a distance is (e1 x e2) / r^2. eg: the further apart they are (r = distance) the less the force acting between them because r^2 is the divisor ...

From 39 .... That was because of a basic limitation in our abilities in physics; We are generally able to compute what happens only when the charge, e, is much less than one. (What this means I don't know)

From 40 ...... Duality, though, exchanges e with 1/e and it is not possible to have both e and 1/e be much less than 1.

The problem here is that duality of a particle describes its particle/wave function. But in String Theory duality describes the uncertainity of Spacetime (see From 37 ... and externally the 'monopole' problem)

Altho I don't understand the reasoning, e needs to be less, much less than 1. But with String Theory duality both 'e' and '1/e' are used and they both need to be less than 1.

If 'e' is less than 1, then 1/e will be greater than 1. How they solved this in the 3 years prior to 1998 Phuck knows ..

Everything I am saying here may be an absolute load of crap, so don't take it too seriously .. LOL

I will ask Dave if he can have a go at explaining it for us ....

cool bananas ... greg