AntonioLao's Blog

The electric charge of an up quark is 2/3, that of a down quark is -1/3. The proton is made of 2 up’s and 1 down with electric charge equal 2(2/3)-1/3=1. The lepton called the electron has an electric charge of -1. If elementary particles with unit electric charge of 1/6 or -1/6 exist then it is possible to describe both quarks and leptons in term of multiples of these unit electric charges.

Starting with the electron: it is made of 1 (+1/6) and 7 (-1/6) with a net electric charge of 1 unit. The up quark is made of 5 (+1/6) and 1 (-1/6) with a net electric charge of 2/3. The down quark is made of 1 (+1/6) and 3 (-1/6) with a net electric charge of -1/3. The electron neutrino is made of 1 (-1/6) and 1 (+1/6). The photon is made of 4 (+1/6) and 4 (-1/6). The +W boson is made of 8 (+1/6) and 2 (-1/6). The Z0 boson is made of 8 (+1/6) and 8 (-1/6). The members of the second and third generations are all made of higher energy states with the same electric charge configurations.