The standard model is nothing more than a consensus based on synthesizing models and interpretations. I think that point is somewhat moot, debatable.
The graviton-dark energy connection was misconstrued as conforming with common interpretations of dark energy. Rather, not speaking for cosvis, the contraction of mass exactly equals spatial expansion. In effect, as it would be observed, spatail expansion is nothing more than black-body radiation. Redshifting would then be due to changing wavelengths, not "space expanding" in the literal sense because as Einstein noted, "objects are spatially-extended."
Also, the nucleosynthesis can be interpreted, as per SLAC's interpretation of mass being energy, as annihilation of matter and antimatter creating variable gamma bursts that create all forms of matter and antimatter, which continue the process of annihilation and creation. In-phase waves produce heavier elements.
Might this be what Einstein meant when he noted that 'objects are spatially extended'?
4-D accelerating expansion to macrocosmic infinity.
Copyright 1968 by Masao Komura Special Effects Copyright 2007 by Austin Torney An ensemble of systems. A Hierarchy of multi-moment 4-D space-time surfaces. - K.B.R. ("We cannot visualize such a curved space, because humanity is not 4-dimensional" - Time-Life Science Series, p. 172)
__________________ (George Berkeley, 1710) ... lay the beginning in a distinct explication of what is meant by thing, reality, existence: for in vain shall we dispute concerning the real existence of things, or pretend to any knowledge thereof, so long as we have not fixed the meaning of those words.
"All things come out of the one and the one out of all things." - Heraclitus "Reality is an illusion - albeit a persistent one." - Einstein "Particles give me a headache." - Ibid
I think it's exactly what Einstein meant, Rascal. The eyeball is connected to the baseball.
One more thing which should be noted imo is that indivisible means indivisible unless we arbitrarily change meanings.
This, by Einstein: "Since the theory of general relatively implies the representation of physical reality by a continuous field, the concept of particles or material points cannot play a fundamental part, nor can the concept of motion. The particle can only appear as a limited region in space in which the field strength or the energy density are particularly high."
The latter underlined point might be at issue regarding indivisibility, unless there is another interpretation that would justify the division.
Why do you believe that division must be 'justified'? You must see some kind of existential 'justice' to do such a thing.
Quote:
might be...
...is the root of all contradiction. That's why we have invented 'science', to know what IS.
pif.
__________________ People look after the things they have affection for. It is thus essential that we learn to have affection for the planet that sustains us.
"The sense of threat from every quarter of what is known as the Establishment – which is to say, of modern civilization – is not altogether a put-on or an act for many of these young folk, but an actual condition of soul. The break-off is real, and what is being bombed and blown up outside are actual symbols of interior fears." - Joseph Campbell
With all the great ideas flooding in, I hope we will be able to clarify our ideas of our beautiful physical universe. You are right Zelta the figure "G" stands for the universal gravitational constant and can not be equal to "E" energy formular in Einstein's famous formula. I learned a lot about all your ideas about dark matter and dark energy, but I am still not too familiar with them and I like to stay with my own idea of "virtual". Basically I think, what you call "dark", I would call "virtual".
A virtual particle like the virtual black hole, and virtual matter like virtual mass, are real objects, but because they are moving at the speed of light they exist in a very special dimension, which I called the fifth dimension or the quantum dimension. Einstein discovered it by means of his special theory of relativity. He speculated and it was proven right, that when an object moves at the speed of light its size becomes zero when viewed from our fourth space-time dimension and its time factor also becomes zero due to the principle of time dilation. In itself the virtual particle and the virtual mass remain real objects but to us they appear to be virtual. However, we do know that they exist because we can even count the number of photons or quanta particles with a photometer.
The fifth or the quantum dimension is a special case of Einstein's space-time dimension, it only occurs when the object travels at the speed of light. No object with zero mass can travel faster than the speed of light, but when viewed from our fourth space-time dimension the object seem to be moving faster because of the time dilation. The principle has been scientifically verified for example, by comparing the lifetimes of fast muons, which would increase with the speed of the particles to the extent predicted by this factor.( Oxford Dictionary of Physics, time dilation.)
There seems to exist some paradoxes when it comes to the quantum particle in the fourth dimension. At one time it appears to be a particle and than again it seems to be a wave. This is so because according to my theory it is composed of two equal but opposite gravitational and kinetic energies and forces. Einstein showed that it is a wave because passing the gravitational body, light is gravitationally affected eg. it is red shifted; and then again it seems to be a particle because it has a kinetic effect shown by Einstein by the photo-electric-effect.
What we can be sure is that the quantum particle exists and that it is indivisible because it consists of the basic quantity of energy which has the value of a Planck constant. It moves at the speed of light and it has two equal but opposite forces and energies, kinetical and gravitational. Since it has a gravitational and kinetical effect we can say it is has mass but because we are not able to see it from our fourth dimension, we can say its mass and its particle is virtual. I also speculated that it could be a basic mini black hole but because it is in the fifth dimension we cannot see it from our fourth dimension, and thus we can say it could be a virtual black hole. It would make a beautiful symmetry if the most basic element of the universe, a quantum particle and the universe itself, are black holes, the smallest and the greatest.
hello, i'm the new guy on the block. I have been reading the discussion for awhile and I'm here to throw my two cents in, if i can. It may turn out to be only a pennies worth, but here goes.
would anyone be interested in hearing a theory that combines both the string theory and the multi-universe theory?
i am in here infrequently thus i can't quite keep up on all the chat about the universe, but i do have something to say about time. As you know, time is a manmade device to corralate his history. As far as the universe goes, there is no time. The concept of no time, i have found, really frustrates some people such as the concept of nothing.
Anyway, i hope that i may continue to watch and discuss.
I be very interested to know your ideas about Multi universe theory and String theory. But could you first explain briefly what they mean to you because I suppose we all have our own theory. In my theory of the eternal evolving universe, there can only be one universe that was formed from eternity and will continue to exist to eternity. I do agree with your idea, however, that: "as far as the universe goes there is no time"; meaning that the universe as a whole, exists in a unique dimension, which may be called the fifth dimension or quantum dimension. I say this because all matter and energy of the universe basically consists of quanta particles which move at the speed of light and according to Einstein's special relativity theory, when something moves at the speed of light, its time dimension becomes zero due to the principle of time dilation. Ordinary time, as we normally accept it, only began when matter particles were formed that moved less than the speed of light, and this is normally regarded by scientists as the beginning of the universe about four or five million years ago.
In my eternal evolving universe theory, the most basic particle is the quantum particle which has a quantity of energy of a Planck constant. Seeing also that the quanta particles constitue light and light exhibits two energies and forces kinetical and gravitational, I theorised that the quantum particle is constituted of two strings one being gravitational and one being kinetical. These two forces create the two universal constants in the universe, the universal gravitational constant and the cosmological constant which Einstein first speculated about in his general relativity theory. These two universal constants make the universe static, it does not expand nor contract.
I hope I have not confuse you Troakin aka John, but do tell us about your ideas about the multi universe theory and the string theory.
I like to continue to share with you the book I wrote "Cosmic Vision." from permalink 59. I am sorry if I have to repeat some ideas already mentioned.
Physical time exists only when there is matter which moves slower than the velocity of light because time stops when a particle moves as fast as the velocity of light. Since according to Einstein's relativity theory, nothing can move faster than light, and since it is also the escape velocity of a black hole, it could be surmised that the universe is a huge black hole. This would also explain the constancy of the velocity of light, the universal gravitational constant and the fact that its total energy and its radius remain constant. If the cosmic quanta energy remains constant, consisting of conserved kinetic and gravitational energies, it must also have two conserved kinetic and gravitational forces that are equal and opposite. These two forces counteract each other, giving an equilibrium that prevents the cosmos from expanding and from contracting into a singularity. The cosmos is for ever static.
Viewing the whole universe from the outside it can be seen as a body standing still since there are no matter, energies or forces outside itself. In such a case, its time is linear and it forms an independent co-ordinate system which is governed by the special Einstein's relativity laws that are Newtonian. This is a singular state of existence that could be regarded as the fifth dimension. If the cosmos is a black hole, it must also have a mean universal temperature which could be the universal back-ground radiation observed everywhere in the universe. This radiation might not be an echo of the Big Bang that marked the beginning of everything because it might have had never occurred. Light travelling through the universal gravitational force acting throughout the universe, is affected in its gravitational redshift depending on the time or distance of travel. The red shift of light coming from distant galaxies might not be due to the expansion of the universe, but rather it might mainly be due to the time of the distance that the light has taken in its travel.
I would like to continue to sahre with you the book I wrote already some time ago. We started with Part II, The Physical Cosmos. A study of the Physical Universe. We come now to:
CHAPTER II.
FORCES AND QUANTUM.
The physical cosmos is basically composed of different forces in nature like the force of gravity, the electro-magnetic force, the nuclear force and the weak nuclear forces. To come to appreciate and to get some understanding of the physical cosmos, it is important to understand these different forces and how they interact. The most basic force in nature would be gravity because all the movements of the earth, moon, sun, planets and galaxies are governed by its law. It took scientists many years to discover its nature but it was Sir Isaak Newton who gave us the formula of the law of universal gravitation. A very fundamental observation in nature is the movement of bodies and every material body in the universe is in continuous motion. Scientists at this time believe that the universe began with a Big Bang explosion about fifteen to twenty billion years ago and ever since that time, it has been constantly expanding. The galaxies are literally flying apart and their velocities of recession are constantly increasing.
Albert Einstein, who was one of the greatest physicists of his age, was convinced that everything in our universe is in constant motion and so based his general theory of relativity on it. He maintained that one cannot find a co-ordinate system in our universe that can be regarded to be at rest, and this is due to the fact that everything is in motion. Since all things then in our universe are relevant to each other, they must be governed by the laws of general relativity. Einstein's theories of special and general relativity have been proven to be correct so many times that they are accepted as fundamental laws of nature by most scientists. It is difficult to dispute Einstein's assumption that within the universe there is no co-ordinate system that can be regarded to be at rest. Consequently, it can be assumed that the Newtonian laws of motion and momentum cannot strictly be applied at any time to any object or particle within the universe. The question, however, may be asked whether the universe as a whole, with all its constituent bodies, particles and energies forms a unique independent and isolated system of energy that is not affected by any forces or motion from without?
To continue with Cosmic Vision, Chapter II, Forces and Quantum,
(The question was asked in paragraph 2, can the universe as a whole form a unique independent and isolated system of energy.)
Paragraph 3.
This is a very important question because if all the forces, movements and energies of the universe are operating only within the universe itself, than the universe, as a whole, is an isolated system of energy which is at rest. If this is so, then it would have a co-ordinate system which could be regarded to be at rest where the Newtonian laws of physics would apply. It must be pointed out however, that the laws would only apply when the objects, particles or energies are measured against the universe as a whole, and not with any other constituent part of the universe. The universe would be a unique, isolated and independent system of energy, where there would be no outside forces and energies existing that could affect it. Furthermore, if it is an independent system at rest, it would have its own particular time reference that is constant and linear. This would mean that events that are observed in this absolute co-ordinate system of the universe can be regarded as happening simultaneously. This would possibly explain why the velocity of radiant energy is always constant, independent of the movement of the source of the energy.
Paragraph 4
Velocity is the rate of motion in a given direction and it depends on the constancy of length and time since it is measured as length per unit time. However, for the constancy of length and time there is need of an absolute co-ordinate system at rest. Any other co-ordinate system that is in motion will experience the effect of special relativity namely, length contraction and time dilation. This cannot happen if the velocity of radiant energy is to remain constant; but scientists have confirmed that the velocity of radiant energy is constant. Could this be proof that the universe as a whole is an absolute co-ordinate system at rest? This would mean that the universe as a whole does form an independent system and is not affected by any force from without. The universe viewed as a whole, can then be regarded to be of the fifth dimension, just as the constituent elements viewed as part of the universe, are in the state of the fourth dimension.
Cosvis, check this link out and see what you think... Here's a new link, I think everyone should check out, as it explains a lot about the possible geometry of space: http://www.hypergeometricaluniverse.com/pdfs/1.pdf
The Hypergeometrical Universe Published in Quantization in Astrophysics, Brownian Motion, and Supersymmetry by editors: Florentin Smarandache; V. Christianto
Read the intro, TOC, and conclusions first, as it makes it easier to understand... I think it adds greatly to explaining universal field mechanics, especially the scalar wave dynamics...
Thanks,
Lloyd
__________________ "To develop the skill of correct thinking is in the first place to learn what you have to disregard. In order to go on, you have to know what to leave out; this is the essence of effective thinking." Kurt Godel "Time and space are modes in which we think and not conditions in which we live." Albert Einstein "The uncertainty principle is an absolute, finite, universal constant." L.G. "The tick-tick-tick of the cesium atom is a sliding-time-scaler constant of all finite universal motion." L.G.
Re: The eternal evolving universe. 
Linear Mode
