Big Crunch or Big Rip?

[AntonioLao]

WHich theoritically still means that the Universe can shrink.

But not in the sense of a geometric closed volume since directional invariance has both magnitude and direction.

[dipayankar]

Antonio, leaving the mathematics out, which forces according to you will prevent the Universe to collapsing (a big bounce) scenario..

But not in the sense of a geometric closed volume since directional invariance has both magnitude and direction.

[AntonioLao]

Simply remove one directional invariance property, say, the head (the top) of a person as in death of a collapsed life. Removing a left arm the person still lives. Removing both legs, the person still lives on. Removing the butts (bottom) the person would still be alived. Therefore, removing any direction asides from the head or top of the universe will prevent it from collapsing. Incidentally, the top quarks was the last flavor to be discovered by high energy particle physicists.

[dipayankar]

Is there any interchange between the different quarks? Can a down quark become an up quark and vice versa?

Simply remove one directional invariance property, say, the head (the top) of a person as in death of a collapsed life. Removing a left arm the person still lives. Removing both legs, the person still lives on. Removing the butts (bottom) the person would still be alived. Therefore, removing any direction asides from the head or top of the universe will prevent it from collapsing. Incidentally, the top quarks was the last flavor to be discovered by high energy particle physicists.

[Max™]

The balance of forcs on a bedsheet is zero. If a force makes the bedsheet to fold back then it will. A rubbersheet if stretched and then the stretching force starts weakening, then the sheet will start to shrink.

Take a sheet.

Fold it up.

Unfold it and tear a hole in it.

Fold it up.

It won't fold smoothly anymore, it gets distorted and lumpy.

[dipayankar]

Doesn't SR allow us to retrace the path to the past?

Take a sheet.

Fold it up.

Unfold it and tear a hole in it.

Fold it up.

It won't fold smoothly anymore, it gets distorted and lumpy.

[Max™]

GR does, but when time itself unravels, where do you go?

D:<

[AntonioLao]

Can a down quark become an up quark and vice versa?

For that, the electroweak force is needed. Its quanta are the photon, W-minus, W-plus, and Z-0.

[austintorn@aol.com]

The electroweak force performs alchemy—it can turn lead into gold, so to speak.

[Fredrick]

Fredrick, Any begining has an end. If the Universe began (Big Bang), there has to be a 'Big something' to end it...

I agree, Dipayan, any beginning has an end. The beginning of the universe had indeed an end, and that end was a long time ago. As soon as our universe was populated by self-based properties, the previous state that enabled the beginning of our universe ended. The previous state was itself then self-based no more! Now, the new properties that were created in the beginning retained their self-based properties (as in: based on themselves and not based on the larger framework that once included the previous state).

When a vase is made, it can hold beautiful flowers. When it is kicked off a table and breaks, it will not hold any flowers anymore. The end of the vase occurred long before the pieces were recycled into something new. As for the flowers? They were doomed the moment they were cut.

Is there any interchange between the different quarks? Can a down quark become an up quark and vice versa?

You amaze me all the time with all these excellent questions, Dipayan. I will answer this from my perspective of the quarks: it would be possible if the up quark can be convinced to let go of its perfect state. Yet what happens next is that the down quark will quickly recreate that perfect state, in effect becoming an up quark.

If possible, then it is the framework that has the pushing ability to change an up quark into a down quark, and vice versa, because at that level it is the balance that makes this go this way or the other. Yet the requirement is (if at all possible) that the self-based strength of the up quark was overcome — or it won't happen at all. No matter how much the down quark gives up or strengthens itself, it will not make an up quark become a down quark. So, if the opportunity exist, then it is a one-way street of an up quark giving up its perfect state first, and next a reversal of roles.

Yet I have reasons to doubt if this is indeed possible. In my view, the down quark is made up of two parts of nearly identical energy-packages; these two are alike but not identical. In our ordinary reality, those that look alike but differ in small parts (like father and son), they make the biggest trouble between themselves (unless there is a third party they both value in an empowered way). So, I am convinced the two parts will not be able to seize the moment, and the up quark, if it let go of its perfect state already, will be able to get back into its 'singular' position, and the down quarks will either go back to being down quarks or be gobbled up and torn to pieces by nasty angry electrons.