| upper bound -
12-27-2006, 03:43 PM
Both theoretical and experimental physics as they stand today could well be bounded at both extremes. The lower bound is limited by the uncertainty of changes in energy and time as studied by quantum mechanics. However, without an upper bound, quantum mechanics as a physical theory remains incomplete. The upper bound is limited by the uncertainty of changes in mass and distance. The assertion is that no object could exist with a mass greater than the quantum of mass or equivalently Planck mass of h/rc, where h is Planck’s constant of action, r is Planck length, and c is lightspeed. The heaviest elementary particles would have been the scalar Higgs bosons. Unfortunately they remain elusive. Therefore, its mass is just a number in some physical theories and equations. Turning this number into a click in some detectors requires unconventional instrumentations which believed involving the entire universe and going far back into the past near the time of the big bang singularity. By a different perspective, the quantum of mass is only about 50 micrograms implying very high density at Planck length volume. 50 micrograms is tiny by everyday standards of measurements. Therefore, the quantum of mass could be the mass limit separating quantum physics of discrete objects and classical physics of continua. Time independence: [∂E(g)]²=[∂F(a)×∂r(a)]·[∂F(b)×∂r(b)] and Mass independence: ¶a(t)·¶r(t)=c² |