The earth’s magnetosphere is shaped like a toroidal magnetic bottle with both magnetic poles serving as the ends. The configuration is able to trap charged particles from the solar wind forming two plasma rings known as the Van Allen radiation belts http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Allen_radiation_belt. These were discovered in 1958 by Van Allen’s research group. Subsequently, the facts of their locations, dangers and how to avoid them increase the safety factor of later Apollo’s missions to the moon.
Studies show that the charged particles are mainly made up of energetic protons and electrons. Some of these electrons near the two Polar Regions created the aurora borealis and australis, also known as “northern light” and “southern light” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurora_(astronomy).
The excess mass ratio of these rings is near 1836, this suggests that quantum turbulence could not arise in them and therefore superfluidity http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superfluid could not happen even though the surrounding temperatures of a few degrees absolute indicate an ideal condition. If suppose that these rings were made of He and He ions then superfluidity is probable. Since superfluidity causes instability the rings will gradually vanish.


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