This first post is only an Intro and you can skip to the second Post if you like:
In late 1942 the second world war was in full swing, and things were not going well for the Allies: Within the ranks of the Allied powers were the British Empire, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and the United States of America, known as "The Big Three". U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt referred to the Big Three and China as the "Four Policemen". Poland and France, before its defeat in 1940 and after Operation Torch, were considered major allies.
The Allies had been beaten out of Europe, were being beaten out of North Africa and the Japanese were gaining huge quantities of territory throughout the Pacific Islands and nothing appeared likely to prevent them taking India as well. America, one of the 'big three' had yet to have its ground forces tested in battle, this was to be an expensive lesson received in North Africa at the hands of Rommell's retreating forces.. Russia had yet to turn at Stalingrad, and as no one could have predicted this, least of all the Russians, Russia's fall appeared certain. Things were worrying, very worrying.
There were two glimmers of light on the burning, stricken horizon.
First. The Battle of Midway had been won by the Americans, history would show this to be of crucial importance. Defeat had been turned to victory in a moment by a few, aging, outclassed, slow, and totally off course Douglas Dauntless Dive Bombers. Churchill said of the battle of Britain Pilots "Never has so much been owed by so many to so few .... etc". Lets include those American Dauntless pilots here as well. Midway would prove a major turning point of the war, the turning point of the War in the Pacific.
Second. The Battle of Al Alamein in North Africa had just been won, this was the first allied victory after 2 years of endless defeats on the ground. Among the British Empire Forces were the Australians and the New Zealanders. We had both fought well, and the major brunt of the battle had fallen to our lines.
But now the battle was over and Rommel was in retreat in North Africa, and the Japanese were on our doorstep. (Australia and New Zealand). Our governments wanted our forces returned immediately. Churchill, who had seen the first glimmer of light in the nightmare that was Europe, refused !! How can one country refuse to return the fighting forces of two other countries who had voluntarily been helping it when those countries themselves have come under imminent threat? He did !! We had no way to bring our troops back, we had no ships. We were of no strategic importance to the war in Europe.
I don't know what dealings were done here, perhaps no one ever will.... Allegations of treason against Menzies, the Prime Minister (a self-confessed Anglophile) ... A controversial line called the 'Brisbane Line' which was meant to surrender everything north of Brisbane, half of Australia, to the Japanese, and so on, and so on. Muddle and incompetence ... if it wasn't treachery then it stood at least as tall.
Ultimately the upshot was that Churchill would return the Australian forces while the New Zealand forces would fight on in Africa and then Europe. Menzies Government would fall and Australians would vote in a new Labor Government.
Australian forces were rushed back. In order for the Japanese to take Australia they had first to take the strategic town of Port Moresby in Papua-New Guinea.
Port Moresby was to be taken by the Japanese Navy and Japanese ground forces coming overland from the North. The sea was to be defended by the American Navy, and the Owen Stanley Mountain Ranges which cradled Port Moresby would be held by Australian ground forces.
There is only one way thru the Owen Stanley Ranges and that is along the single file track called the Kokoda Trail.
This is where the story should have started and I apologise for the long-winded intro ..![]()


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