Dirac could be considered as the father of quantum electrodynamics (QED). He was first to apply operators for energy solutions in quantum mechanics (QM) and demonstrated that they are equivalent to Heisenberg’s matrix mechanics (MM) and Schrödinger’s wave mechanics (WM). He developed a quantum statistics bearing his name (Fermi-Dirac) and describing one kind of fermions occupying the same quantum state. In contrast, Bose-Einstein statistics describes many kinds of bosons occupying the same quantum state. Their classical limit is Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics.
The irony of many successful theories is the unwillingness to go back where they started even though logic suggests otherwise. Gravity (Newton’s version) was discovered first but now it (Einstein’s version) is the least understood. MM was first invented to explain nonzero Poisson brackets. However, natural ones are predominantly zeros implying an assembly of Abelian groups. It is often said in some familiar arguments that ‘once you walk out the front door, you can’t ever come back’ but could suggest that ‘through the backdoor, you can go in and out anytime’. Both Dirac and Einstein vacillated till the end whether they should walk in the backdoor without fear of being ridiculed. Einstein could never accept probability while Dirac could never accept renormalizability in any theoretical formulation.


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