lost and found

[AntonioLao]

The science of chemistry is all about lost and found. What is lost and what is found simply is the energy taken away or given away by electrons bound within the atomic system where and when they respectively move into a higher or lower principal orbital or suborbital. These are described by two distinct types of spectra: absorption and emission. An electron at an outer orbital has more energy than one at an inner orbital. The innermost orbital is known as the ground state. The outermost orbital is known as the valence state which is also responsible for all chemical processes.

On the other hand, if all orbitals are lost then electrons found complete freedom and what remains of the atomic system is a naked nucleus of quarks composition. A composition dominated by down quarks is where there are more neutrons than protons. If there are no protons then the ratio of down to up quark is 2 to 1 and the result is a neutron star. If then all the up quarks found complete freedom then the quark composition is purely composed of down quarks. The result is a black hole. All free up quarks can still dominate free down quarks with a ratio of 2 to 1 forming free protons to form cosmic rays. The mass of a single down quark is determined to be twice the mass of a single up quark. Therefore, a pure state of down quarks becomes dark matter and a pure state of up quarks becomes dark energy. The former continuously found energy to stay motionless. The latter continuously lost energy to stay in motion.

A down side up universe is one where and when energy is continuously being found. An up side down universe is one where and when energy is continuously being lost. The former is a contracting universe and the latter is an expanding universe. Quantum statistics have determined that the probability of a lighter up quark taking away a negative vector boson, -W, and finding energy by turning into a heavier down quark is less than a down quark giving away a positive vector boson, +W, and losing energy by turning into a lighter up quark.

[Profpat]

The mass of a single down quark is determined to be twice the mass of a single up quark.

Wouldn't this make the neutron a lot heavier than a proton?

[AntonioLao]

the neutron is heavier but only very little. If the proton is 1 then neutron is 1.002

[Profpat]

The mass of a single down quark is determined to be twice the mass of a single up quark.

Why wouldn't the mass hold when combined with another down and an up quark? In other words shouldn't the mass of a neutron be much more massive than a proton which has 2 up quarks and 1 down quark?

[AntonioLao]

Good question. The answer lies in the process of nucleosynthesis for a quark-gluon plasma. When more powerful accelerators become online, your question will be answered in time.

[Profpat]

well I'm glad it was a good question. We accountants like to account for everything. If something is missing we think of embezzlement. In the case of missing mass I'm checking out Catholic priests.

[AntonioLao]

Then you are a Catholic, I supposed? I understand all accountants are honest people and they don't need any religion to make them that way. I'm sure there are many accountant-physicists at CERN and all the other elementary particles high energy facilities?

[Profpat]

I was baptized and raised as a Catholic. I went to Catholic schools and now am teaching at a Catholic ( Jesuit ) University. However I call myself a Theist in there is much in the Catholic teachings I don't agree with.

[AntonioLao]

Wondering if it is possible for a religious belief to be lost and another one being found? In this way the belief is equivalent to the concept of physical energy.

[Profpat]

Why not I think I found God in the lost and found.