The parametric equations of a straight line for two dimensions of X and Y are X=a+bT and Y=c+dT. For three dimensions X, Y, and Z; the equations are X=a+bT, Y=c+dT, and Z=e+fT. In these equations a, b, c, d, e, and f are all parametric constants of the parameter T. If they are all equal to unity then the 3D line subtends 45° to all three planes: X-Y, X-Z, and Y-Z. On the other hand, the parametric equations of a circle on the X-Y plane are X=acosaand Y=asina. On the X-Z plane, they are X=bcosband Z=bsinb . On the Y-Z plane, they are Y=ccosgand Z=csing. For these circles to be congruent requires that the parametric constants a, b, c are equal while the three angular parameters: a, b, andgcan simultaneously take different values. To be continued.


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