Reading portions of Terence W Barrett’s Topological Foundations of Electromagnetism, Volume 26 of World Scientific Series in Contemporary Chemical Physics gives the decision to compare two physical concepts: gauge invariance and directional invariance. Barrett’s idea can be found starting on Page 16 with the following slightly edited introductory quote:
In 1918 Weyl…treated Einstein’s general relativity as if Lorentz symmetry were an example of global symmetry but only local coordinates defineable, i.e. the general theory was considered as a local theory. A consequence of Weyl’s theory is that the absolute magnitude or norm of a physical vector is not treated as an absolute quantity but depends on its location in space-time. This notion was called gauge invariance.
From this brief quotation, the topological characteristic is not clearly described except that the scalar and the vector potentials are invariance under certain additive or subtractive differential gauge transformations. On the other hand, a descriptive topology of directional invariance is the non-orientable Möbius surface such that a complete circuit would allow a left transformed to a right, or a top to a bottom, or a forward to a backward. All these are irreducible characteristics of the 8 directional invariance properties discussed in other threads. Regarding local and global characteristics, Barrett asserted that the gauge is truly a physical quantity that can be determined by setting boundary conditions to the experiments that cannot be derived from Maxwell’s equations. On the other hand, directional invariance is locally attributed to the Hadamard matrices embedded in a global infinity matrix of a sieve of Diophantus.


LinkBack URL
About LinkBacks
Reply With Quote



