In the study of thermodynamic systems both Gibbs and Helmholtz free energy functions are used to describe thermal equilibrium. Two systems that are in thermal equilibrium must at the least be of the same temperature. However, for dynamic equilibrium the systems must at most share equal amounts of squares of energy. Thermal equilibrium often involves extensive properties while dynamic equilibrium involves only intensive properties. Examples of intensive properties are pressure, temperature, and density. Examples of extensive properties are mass and total volume. However, extensive properties per unit of mass become intensive properties. Intensive property is defined as physical quantities independent of the quantity of matter enclosed by the control boundary of the systems while extensive properties are those whose values are directly proportional to the mass of the systems. Taken as a whole, the universe is composed of free energy as the product of the Gibbs and the Helmholtz functions equivalent to the square of energy of the zero-point energies of the quantum vacuum fluctuations.