The reality of this force was originally given by scientists as the fifth force or the unification force for the four fundamental forces of nature: gravitational, electromagnetic, weak nuclear force, and the strong nuclear force. In recent studies, some had attributed it to the force of antigravity. Astrophysical observations suggest this repulsive force takes effect and become noticeable at the great distances between galaxies. It is practically zero within galaxies or within stellar systems or interplanetary systems, or electrically neutral matter of molecules and atoms. Its galactic redshifts were first noted by astronomers, especially Edwin Hubble in his classifications of nebulae and galaxies in 1926. Three years later, Hubble established his constant that enables him to estimate the size and age of the universe. But as early as 1998, observations of supernovae begin to strongly suggest that the universal expansion is accelerating. Subsequently, the acceleration suggests the existing of dark energy as a form of negative pressure. So, if negative pressure is antigravity then positive pressure is gravity. Consequently, the age and size of the universe has to be revised using these new observed data. From Hubble’s 20 billions years to 13.75 billions years, expanding at the speed of light, giving spherical radius of 1.89x10¹⁷ light years or 5.8x10¹⁶ parsecs to 13x10¹⁷ light years or 3.99x10¹⁶ parsecs.

The most compelling hypothetical reason that spacetime expansion within matter is zero is the existence of dynamic equilibrium between positive pressure and negative pressure. Next, what is needed to support this idea is a principle of directional invariance with 8 properties: left-front-top, left-front-down, left-back-top, left-back-down, right-front-top, right-front-down, right-back-top, right-back-down. All 8 must exist in order to have dynamic equilibrium. Since each property represents a Cartesian orthogonal infinitesimal system of trivectors of equal magnitude superforces, all 8 give a spacetime vertex. However, the directional conformability of spacetime topology gives two distinct nonequivalent topologies, asserting the existence of an H-plus and an H-minus vertex. This conformal mapping can be shown by the matrix product of two arbitrary matrices A and B. For the product AB to be conformable, A has equal number of columns to equal number of rows of B. For the product BA to be conformable, B has equal number of columns to equal number of rows of A. However, for square symmetric Hadamard matrices, conformability of matrix multiplication becomes trivially commutable for the same order matrices. This commutativity provides a greater advantage over the non-Abelian Yang-Mills theory for a complete description of the superforce and finalizes the resolution of the Mass Gap Hypothesis.