The word “plenum” is one of the two profound ideas given by ancient Greek philosophers responding to the question: “What is the connection between physical space and the matter in it?” The other diametrically opposite answer is the vacuous word “void” given by Democritus and his disciple Epicurus (between 420-270 BC). However, both Plato and Aristotle believed that “plenum” is the inseparable idea that connects both physical space and the material substance of all ponderable matter having the physical property known as mass.
Fortunately, in 1905, Einstein made the physically profound connection that mass and energy are fundamentally equivalent if the proportionality constant between them can be approximately defined as the square of lightspeed derived by the first term of Taylor’s infinite series expansion between rest mass and relativistic mass. The mass in E=mc is really the rest mass while the relativistic mass is a deductive dynamic physical variable mutably given by special relativity for the observer and the thing observed within a given inertial frame of reference. This implies that relativistic mass is different for different observers moving relatively with respect to the observed changing variable. Moreover, this deduction gives the square of the total relativistic energy as the sum of the product of square of relativistic linear momentum and square of lightspeed plus the square of (E=mc) or mc giving the equation E=cp+mc. Symbolically, E represents the totality of the plenum as sum of squares of zero-point energies of the quantum vacuum fluctuations.


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