quantum field theories

[AntonioLao]

http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Quantum+field+theory

List of quantum field theories:
· Phi to the fourth
· Quantum electrodynamics
· Schwinger model
· Yukawa model
· Wess-Zumino model
· Yang-Mills
· Quantum Yang-Mills theory
· Quantum chromodynamics
· Yang-Mills-Higgs model
· Nonlinear sigma model
· Chiral model
· Thirring model
· Sine-Gordon
· Chern-Simons model
· Topological quantum field theory
· Gross-Neveu
· Nambu-Jona-Lasinio
· Wess-Zumino-Witten model
· Minimal model
· Toda field theory

[HIGGSBOSONS]

I Want To Ask One Thing As We Know That Four Fundamental Forces Of Nature Has Their Mediating Particles. When Electron Feels Repulsive Force Due To Another Electron It Mean They Exchange Virtual Photon But Exchange Of Some Thing Needs Energy Then It Mean When Virtual Photon Is Emitted From One Electron Then That Electron Must Loses It Mass In Form Of Energy Is It True

[Mr. Nobody]

I venture to say that if we continue to insist on a particle description of reality, we need to realize that particles represent information for the underlying wave. 1 bit of information, discrete in packet form (particle) provides an incomplete description of a system that needs at least 2 bits for reality (uncertainty principle). Entanglement and decoherance provide for a dynamic evolution of stabile systems, subject to continued competition for increasing pockets of order.
Hence, my conjecture that true existence is energy waves in a struggle against entropy. Gravity creating islands of apparent order within increasing overall disorder, culminating in black holes.

[mkirkpatrick]

Antonio,many thanks for all these wonderful links,there are so many theories
quantum or otherwise,but there is only one reality!albeit understood and
interpretated differently by those seeking to understand the mystery of it all.
Can you see the day when there will be a general concensus of agreement
as to what is the most likely theory,that fits the bill,so to speak!Who knows
Antonio,maybe our very own theory here on toequest may fit the bill,I mention this in all expectant hope???????


kind regards michael.

[HIGGSBOSONS]

I Think Our Understanding Of Science Lacks Something Because If We Look To Maxwell's Theory Of Electromagnetism According To Which Acceleration Or Decceleration Of Charge Emitts Photon Or Em Waves And We All Accept It But On The Other Hand In Quantum Mechanics In Explaining Atomic Models We Donot That Theory Because It Voilates The Nature Than Why We Are Stick To These Theories

[AntonioLao]

That Electron Must Loses It Mass In Form Of Energy Is It True

The mass of the electron found by experiment is an effective mass. The naked mass of the electron as shielded by virtual photons or other virtual particles could be infinite!

[protheory]

This is my exploration of Yang-Mills theory and the Mass Gap Hypothesis.

Yang-Mills theory was intended as a TOE and my answer to this question is quoted below.

This page is just to start the conversation, it gives a general idea of my theory.

My description of Yang-Mills theory is written as I understand it for myself and particularly how I see it with regards to a TOE, I apologise for any relative inaccuracies.

My answers to the other Millennium Problems are here if you would like a comparison... http://www.protheory.com/Millenium%20Problems.htm

Thanks

PRO.

7. Yang-Mills Theory and the Mass Gap Hypothesis

Introduction

1. We need to solve the equations that are thought to govern the whole of our universe.

2. We must also solve a technical property within any resulting solution called the mass gap.

Yang-Mills Theory
Yang and Mills created a set of ideas and equations that attempt to explain every possible property of the universe.

Everything
This was an attempt at a theory of everything.

Geometry
Yang and Mills used an approach that is also found in geometry.

Solve
We need to find the gauge group of all atomic and sub-atomic particles and solve the resulting equations to explain everything.

Part 2
The Mass Gap Hypothesis
When we study the strong interactions of elementary particles there is a specific inconsistency which we must also solve.

Gap

Yang-Mills theory proposes the existence of a so called "mass gap" in relation to the strong interactions of elementary particles.

Classical
Classical versions of this theory describe waves with no mass that propagate at the speed of light.

Quantum
Quantum mechanics describes every particle as a certain kind of wave so the mass gap is a major contradiction between the two versions of Yang-Mills theory.

Nuclear
The strong and weak nuclear forces are both thought to be carried by particles containing mass.

Missing
Something is missing and this is called the "mass gap."

Massless
The mass gap implies that in certain situations within physics a given quanta of energy may seem to create massive amounts of energy from something that is theoretically massless.

Something seems to be created from nothing essentially.

Possess
We still do not possess a theory of everything that can fully explain why there seems to be a gap in the first place.

Interactions
We still do not have a theory that can successfully unify the four fundamental forces.

Summary
Can we solve and explain the gauge group of all particle physics?
Is there a mathematically provable gap in the energy exchange process of the universe?

The Millennium Problem

The Millennium problem is to solve the gauge group of all physics, and the concept of a "mass gap" must be proven and understood from a mathematical point of view.

For the exact problem description please refer to Claymath.org

The Answer

Conjecture

Yang-Mills theory presents us with two options, either we can solve the gauge group of all physics and explain the observed gap in mass or we cannot, and asks us to choose one of them.

Boundless
Imagine a boundless black box containing a glowing sphere.

Pure
Inside the box there are no forces, values, or measurements in existence except the sphere which itself exists only in example.

Singular
The singular sphere may move in any relative direction and for any relative distance.

Potentially
Wherever the sphere eventually resides, it will always be potentially able to perform the exact opposite to each change in position because it is the only presence within the box.

Conditions
If another sphere is added under the same condition as before, the two spheres will always be opposite to each other, despite distance or position, as they have no relative boundaries to prevent this.

Results
Whichever way the two spheres move the opposite is still be possible in theory.

Third
If a third sphere were added to the example a neutral point could be achieved.

Defined
This point is defined as the position between the two original spheres.

Fourth
If a fourth sphere were to be added to the box, it could only repeat any of the three previously defined actions or positions.

Quality
The fourth sphere may be regarded as being opposite or neutral in relation to the others, but it adds no unique quality to the example.

Option
The fourth sphere has the option of attracting another sphere, repulsing another sphere, or neutralising itself in relation to another sphere at any given moment but its potential behaviours are simply a repeat of the original three.

Regardless
We could choose to add an infinite number of spheres to the same example, but regardless of the relative "amount" of spheres, they all possess the same three theoretical potentials.

Atoms
1. Electrons are negative.
2. Protons are positive.
3. Neutrons are neutral.

Sub-atomic
Sub-atomic level is a fractional version of the same principle.

Charges
All sub-atomic particles may carry three possible charges at any relative point in time, regardless of what words may be used to describe them.

Difference
The amount of a certain charge may vary, relatively creating what we define as "difference" but this does not change the fact that quarks possess the same three potentials as atoms and literally everything else.

Mass
The reason that there appears to be a gap in mass is because all energy changes in three ways simultaneously, energy can either contain mass, not contain mass or be neutral in potential.

Destroyed
Energy is not "created" or "destroyed" it is changed.

Singular
There is no unchangingly singular "beginning" or "end" to change.

Part 1

Yang-Mills Theory

Can we solve the gauge group of all physics?
1. We can solve the gauge group of all physics.
2. We cannot solve the gauge group of all physics.
3. There is a neutral possibility.
Simultaneously.

Part 2

The Mass Gap Hypothesis

Is there a mass gap?
1. Energy may contain mass.
2. Energy may not contain mass.
3. Energy may be neutral.
Simultaneously.

Am I wrong?

I simultaneously oppose, agree with, and neutralise all criticism ad infinitum.

My point is literal.

There is no point creating a theory of everything that doesn't work.

This is a purely experimental view of extreme logic when applied to Yang-Mills theory and therefore the concept of "everything" by definition.

As I stated previously this page is an introduction to my thoughts on the potentials within the TOE in general.

I look forward to an interesting discussion

PRO.

EDIT - I'm sorry for the "Am I wrong?" stuff, it's the only way I can find at the moment to try and communicate how literally I mean my three potentials argument.

[AntonioLao]

the Mass Gap Hypothesis

Is your mass gap conjecture the same as the hole conjecture in general relativity?

[protheory]

Is your mass gap conjecture the same as the hole conjecture in general relativity?

My mass gap conjecture is about the possibility for mass to appear from nothing in its simplest form so if this is what the hole conjecture within General Relativity refers to then yes

Even if there are relative differences in the details Pro theory claims to be an attempt at a TOE anyway (so to speak) and I would like to have a go at answering this conjecture too if I may.

[AntonioLao]

My mass gap conjecture is about the possibility for mass to appear from nothing in its simplest form

In general relativity, the creation mass is coming from spacetime substantiation. Please see the following site at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hole_argument