Anthologized, narrated and authored by Karene Jade Howie & Geoff Haselhurst
Physics
The Wave Structure of Matter Explains / Solves many of the Problems of Physics
Caused by the incorrect 'Particle' Conception of Matter.
From Matter as 'Particles' moving in Space and Time, to Matter as Spherical Wave Motions of Space.
By Philosopher of Science, Metaphysics Geoff Haselhurst - Bibliography - Email (January, 2005)
'The first philosophy (Metaphysics) is universal and is exclusively concerned with primary substance. ... And here we will have the science to study that which is just as that which is, both in its essence and in the properties which, just as a thing that is, it has. ... The entire preoccupation of the
physicist is with things that contain within themselves a principle of
movement and rest. And to seek for this is to seek for the second kind of principle, that from which comes the beginning of the change. (
Aristotle, 340BC)
Natural science (
physics) contains in itself synthetical judgments
a priori, as principles. … Space then is a necessary representation
a priori, which serves for the foundation of all external intuitions. (Kant, 1781)
Physics constitutes a logical system of thought which is in a state of evolution, whose basis (principles) cannot be distilled, as it were, from experience by an inductive method, but can only be arrived at by free invention. The justification (truth content) of the system rests in the verification of the derived propositions (
a priori / logical truths) by sense experiences (
a posteriori / empirical truths). ... Evolution is proceeding in the direction of increasing simplicity of the logical basis (principles). .. We must always be ready to change these notions - that is to say, the axiomatic basis of physics - in order to do justice to perceived facts in the most perfect way logically. (Albert Einstein, Physics and Reality, 1936)
The supreme task of the
physicist is to arrive at those universal elementary laws from which the cosmos can be built up by pure deduction. (Albert Einstein, 1954)
Introduction to Physics
Hi Everyone. This physics section is being built online. It will not be complete for a few years yet (though I will greatly improve / simplify it over the next few months, i.e. May, June 2006). So it takes a bit of perseverance! However, the underlying knowledge of the Wave Structure of Matter is very simple.
The main problem for physics has been the introduction of the concepts of 'particles', 'fields' and 'time' in addition to Space. But no one has been able to unite these different concepts (Einstein rejected the discrete particle and tried a continuous field theory of matter in space-time, but he could never explain the discrete aspects of light and matter found in Quantum Theory). However it is well accepted by scientists (and philosophers / metaphysicists ) that physical reality is
interconnected (there is no separation between matter space and time, they are all part of the one thing). As Einstein and Leibniz write;
'When forced to summarize the general theory of relativity in one sentence: Time and space and gravitation have no separate existence from matter.' (Albert Einstein)
'Reality cannot be found except in
One single source, because of the
interconnection of
all things with one another.' (Leibniz, Monadology)
The solution is very simple and obvious once known. All we needed to do was abide by these rules of Science (Occam's Razor / simplicity), and in particular, Physics, Philosophy and Metaphysics. i.e. To realise that there is an underlying unity / interconnection to reality, thus if you start with Space, then you cannot add anything else too it (e.g. particles, fields, time) and instead you must simply consider the Properties of Space.
And here I will take the liberty of repeating the above quote from Aristotle, due to its profound importance;
'The first philosophy (Metaphysics) is universal and is exclusively concerned with
primary substance. ... And here we will have the science to study that which is just as that which is, both in its
essence and in the
properties which, just as a thing that is, it has. ... The entire preoccupation of the
physicist is with things that contain within themselves a principle of
movement and rest. And to seek for this is to seek for the second kind of principle, that from which comes the beginning of the change. (
Aristotle, 340BC)
We can now explain this Substance and its Properties by describing Reality in terms of One thing, Space (a physical substance), existing with the Properties of a Wave Medium (which abides by the rules of Metaphysics, where matter's activity (change / time) comes from the wave motion of Space).
Below you will find a short summary of Physics with a pretty simple explanation founded on this Wave Structure of Matter in Space. This is followed by numerous physics quotes that are well worth reading. And we have pages on Quantum Physics, Einstein's Theory of Relativity and Cosmology (see top of page) that explain in more detail how the Wave Structure of Matter simplifies and solves numerous problems of physics by explaining how matter is necessarily interconnected in Space across the universe.
Hope you find it interesting.
Geoff Haselhurst, April, 2006
PS - Please try and add a link to us if you agree that the Wave Structure of Matter should be explored / considered by Scientists. This website gets quite a large number of visitors, so we only need a few of you to help and Google / the Internet will do the rest! (There is a natural resistance to new knowledge, so it is hard to get this work published in journals - and the internet is a much faster more efficient way of sharing knowledge!)
A Brief History of Physics (Reality) and a Simple Solution to their Problems.
'My purpose therefore is, to try if I can discover what those principles are, which have introduced all that doubtfulness and uncertainty, those absurdities and contradictions into the several sects of philosophy; insomuch that the wisest men have thought our ignorance incurable, conceiving it to arise from the natural dullness and limitation of our faculties.' (George Berkeley, 1710)
'The development during the present century is characterized by two theoretical systems essentially independent of each other: the theory of relativity and the quantum theory. The two systems do not directly contradict each other; but they seem little adapted to fusion into one unified theory. For the time being we have to admit that we do not possess any general theoretical basis for physics which can be regarded as its logical foundation.' (Albert Einstein, 1940)
Physics classically evolved from Newton's Mechanics (1687), which was founded on 'mass' particles and instantly acting gravitational forces in Absolute Space and Time (i.e. F=m.a, though Newton acknowledged that he did not know how these discrete and separate particles could act on one another across Space - it was just mathematical formalism). As Newton writes;
'It is inconceivable that inanimate brute matter should, without mediation of something else which is not matter, operate on and affect other matter without mutual contact. ... That gravity should be innate, inherent and essential to matter, so that one body may act upon another at-a-distance, through a vacuum, without the mediation of anything else by and through which their action may be conveyed from one to another, is to me so great an absurdity that I believe no man, who has in philosophical matters a competent faculty of thinking, can ever fall into it. ...
So far I have explained the phenomena by the force of gravity, but I have not yet ascertained the cause of gravity itself. ... and I do not arbitrarily invent hypotheses.' (Newton. Letter to Richard Bentley 25 Feb. 1693)
Then in the early 19th century Faraday added the concept of charged discrete particles generating continuous electric and magnetic fields which acted on other charged particles in Space around them. When Maxwell showed (Maxwell's Equations) that a wavelike interaction between the electric and magnetic fields (the Electromagnetic Wave) propagated with the measured velocity of light it seemed to confirm this electromagnetic (em) structure of Light and Matter, and that matter interactions where not instant-actions-at-a-distance (Newton), but limited by the velocity of light c (Einstein's Locality). This was then further formalised with Lorentz's em Theory of the Electron (1900).
However, at the turn of the 20th century, Plank's discovery of the discrete 'quantum' properties of light, followed by Einstein's work on the photoelectric effect (1905) shattered this continuous wave nature of light (light seemed to also behave as a discrete 'particle / photon').
With de Broglie's further conception of the wave properties of matter this meant that by the 1930s there was a
particle wave duality for both light and matter (depending on the experiment)!
This became even more confusing with Born's discovery that the square of Schrodinger's Wave Equations (using standing waves / resonance to explain discrete energy states of light and matter) could be used to find the probability of where the 'particle' would be found. Add to this Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle, and Bohr's Copenhagen Interpretation (Nature is statistical rather than deterministic, particle and wave complement one another) then you can see how confusing Physics had become.
Albert Einstein tried to solve this mess by rejecting the 'particle' concept of matter and representing Matter as continuous spherical fields in Space-Time. He writes;
'Physical objects are not in space, but these objects are spatially extended (as fields). In this way the concept 'empty space' loses its meaning. ... The field thus becomes an irreducible element of physical description, irreducible in the same sense as the concept of matter (particles) in the theory of Newton. ... The physical reality of space is represented by a field whose components are continuous functions of four independent variables - the co-ordinates of space and time. Since the theory of general relatively implies the representation of physical reality by a continuous field, the concept of particles or material points cannot play a fundamental part, nor can the concept of motion. The particle can only appear as a limited region in space in which the field strength or the energy density are particularly high.' (Albert Einstein, Metaphysics of Relativity, 1950)
'When forced to summarize the general theory of relativity in one sentence: Time and space and gravitation have no separate existence from matter.' (Albert Einstein)
http://www.spaceandmotion.com/Physics-Albert-Einstein-Theory-Relativity.htm
He attempted a pure Continuous field theory of matter because he did not believe that there could be both a discrete particle and a continuous field (that acted on one another). While Einstein is most famous as a Mathematical Physicist, he also read Metaphysics and Philosophy, thus he agreed that there must be some kind of unity to reality to explain how matter is interconnected across the universe. As Aristotle, Leibniz and Bradley write;
'The first philosophy (Metaphysics) is universal and is exclusively concerned with primary substance. ... And here we will have the science to study that which is just as that which is, both in its essence and in the properties which, just as a thing that is, it has.
The entire preoccupation of the physicist is with things that contain within themselves a principle of movement and rest. And to seek for this is to seek for the second kind of principle, that from which comes the beginning of the change. ... That among entities there must be some cause which moves and combines things. ... There must then be a principle of such a kind that its substance is activity' (Aristotle, Metaphysics, 340BC)
'Reality cannot be found except in One single source, because of the interconnection of all things with one another. ... I maintain also that substances, whether material or immaterial, cannot be conceived in their bare essence without any activity, activity being of the essence of substance in general.' (Gottfried Leibniz, 1670)
' We may agree, perhaps, to understand by Metaphysics an attempt to know reality as against mere appearance, or the study of first principles or ultimate truths, or again the effort to comprehend the universe, not simply piecemeal or by fragments, but somehow as a whole.' (Bradley, 1846-1924)
http://www.spaceandmotion.com/metaphysics.htm
However, Einstein failed in his attempts at a unified continuous field theory of matter, never able to explain the discrete properties of light and matter found in Quantum Theory. He wrote;
' All these fifty years of conscious brooding have brought me no nearer to the answer to the question, 'What are light quanta?' Nowadays every Tom, Dick and Harry thinks he knows it, but he is mistaken. … I consider it quite possible that physics cannot be based on the field concept, i.e., on continuous structures. In that case, nothing remains of my entire castle in the air, gravitation theory included, [and of] the rest of modern physics.' (Albert Einstein, 1954)
This failure and confusion has left us with a Postmodern view of reality, that there are no absolute truths, and we can only have approximate theories (true knowledge of reality is a naive dream). As Feynman famously wrote;
' The more you see how strangely Nature behaves, the harder it is to make a model that explains how even the simplest phenomena actually work. So theoretical physics has given up on that.' (Richard Feynman, The Strange Theory of Light and Matter)
http://www.spaceandmotion.com/quantum-mechanics-richard-feynman-quotes.htm
Despite this pessimism, a few people have (over the past 20 years) shown that there is in fact a very simple sensible solution to these problems that (strangely) has been largely ignored over the past 70 years. To consider a pure Wave Structure of Matter in Space.
This Metaphysics of Space and the Wave Structure of Matter (WSM) solves these problems by describing Reality in terms of One thing, Space, existing with the Properties of a Wave Medium (which abides by the rules of Metaphysics, where matter's activity comes from the wave motion of Space). We can then explain these central concepts of physics, i.e. 'particles, fields and time' in the following manner.
Matter is formed from Spherical Standing Waves in Space which cause the 'particle' effect at their Wave Center. (See Wave Diagrams)
Time is due to the Wave Motion (activity) of Space.
Forces / Fields are caused by the interaction of the Spherical In and Out Waves with other matter in Space which changes the location of the Wave-Center (and which we 'see' as a 'force accelerating a particle').
Particle Wave Duality of Matter - This is obviously explained by the Wave-Center of the Spherical Standing Wave.
Particle Wave Duality of Light - This is a little more complex, but still simple once understood. The discrete 'particle / photon' effects of light occur because standing wave interactions (like electrons in certain wave functions in an atom) only exist at discrete frequencies, which equate to discrete energy states where E = hf. And this is why de Broglie & Schrodinger introduced wave equations into Quantum Theory in the first place, to explain these discrete aspects of reality / matter and its interactions).
As Schrodinger and Einstein wrote;
' What we observe as material bodies and forces are nothing but shapes and variations in the structure of space. Particles are just schaumkommen (appearances). ... The world is given to me only once, not one existing and one perceived. Subject and object are only one. The barrier between them cannot be said to have broken down as a result of recent experience in the physical sciences, for this barrier does not exist. ... I am opposing not a few special statements of quantum mechanics held today (1950s), I am opposing as it were the whole of it, I am opposing its basic views that have been shaped 25 years ago, when Max Born put forward his probability interpretation (of waves), which was accepted by almost everybody.' (Erwin Schrodinger on Quantum Theory)
' The next step was taken by de Broglie. He asked himself how the discrete states could be understood by the aid of current concepts, and hit on a parallel with stationary (standing) waves, as for instance in the case of proper frequencies of organ pipes and strings in acoustics. ... Experiments on interference made with particle rays have given brilliant proof that the wave character of the phenomena of motion as assumed by the theory does, really, correspond to the facts. (Albert Einstein, 1954)
Most importantly, the Wave Structure of Matter (WSM) simplifies Einstein's foundation from
continuous spherical fields in space-time, to spherical waves in continuous Space. In fact the WSM, being founded on the existence of one thing, Space (and its properties as a wave medium), is the most simple science language for describing physical reality. Thus it has been negligent of Scientists in having not given the Wave Structure of Matter proper consideration when the wave properties of light and matter were first discovered.
Finally, does it work, i.e. does the Wave Structure of Matter unite the central theories of modern physics?
The answer is an emphatic yes.
The Wave Structure of Matter deduces fundamentals of Einstein's Relativity (relativistic mass increase) and Quantum Theory (de Broglie wavelength) due to Doppler effects of relative motion (in the one set of simple wave equations). See articles by
Prof. Milo Wolff.
It also solves numerous problems in
Cosmology by realising that the redshift with distance is due to decreasing wave interactions with distance. i.e. It is not a Doppler effect, thus there is no expansion from a Big Bang / creation. Space has always existed to infinity (which is logical given it is the one thing that exists, thus it cannot be created or bound by something else).
As Prof. Carver Mead wrote; (Professor emeritus at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), having taught there for over 40 years. Received the Lemelson-MIT Prize ($500,000) in 1999).
' It is my firm belief that the last seven decades of the twentieth century will be characterized in history as the dark ages of theoretical physics.'
' The quantum world is a world of waves, not particles. So we have to think of electron waves and proton waves and so on. Matter is 'incoherent' when all its waves have a different wavelength, implying a different momentum. On the other hand, if you take a pure quantum system - the electrons in a superconducting magnet, or the atoms in a laser - they are all in phase with one another, and they demonstrate the wave nature of matter on a large scale. Then you can see quite visibly what matter is down at its heart.' (Carver Mead Interview, American Spectator, Sep/Oct2001, Vol. 34 Issue 7, p6
And David Bohm sums up the importance of this knowledge very well;
' The notion that all these fragments is separately existent is evidently an illusion, and this illusion cannot do other than lead to endless conflict and confusion. Indeed, the attempt to live according to the notion that the fragments are really separate is, in essence, what has led to the growing series of extremely urgent crises that is confronting us today. Thus, as is now well known, this way of life has brought about pollution, destruction of the balance of nature, over-population, world-wide economic and political disorder and the creation of an overall environment that is neither physically nor mentally healthy for most of the people who live in it. Individually there has developed a widespread feeling of helplessness and despair, in the face of what seems to be an overwhelming mass of disparate social forces, going beyond the control and even the comprehension of the human beings who are caught up in it.'
(David Bohm, Wholeness and the Implicate Order, 1980)
For more information on what is really a very simple and sensible description of physical reality you can carry on reading the quotes below, or browse the links at the top of this page (and it will be much better written / organised soon - so please be patient, I realise it takes a bit of effort at the moment!).
Geoff Haselhurst, April, 2006
Linear Mode
