Theory of Bonding Harmonics
By Miguel De ZAYAS



“THE TRUE CARRIERS OF “ELECTRIC CHARGES”
How does it work? When voltage is applied to a circuit or an electrical conductor during the first cycle of the atomic shell, energy will “fill up” the “orbital envelope” of every single atom along the metal. I gave it the name of ‘static carrier’. It could be interpreted as some sort of an “activation” of the “plane” where “electric charges” will eventually flow. During the second cycle, every single “orbital envelope” will “read” the status of the shell. If there is an even number of harmonics in both sides of the shell [Ying and Yang] the ‘carrier’ will remain “inactive” which means that no changes in symmetry had been ‘sensed’ after the “scanning.” In atoms with uneven [odd] number of harmonics the situation would be entirely different. There will be a “modulation” of the ‘carrier’ with the same frequency and intensity as the bond or “open shell” connected to the single harmonic attempting to “copy” an “uneven” orbital “topography.” When the cycle ends, a new energy-wave will replace the one occupying the “envelope” and the “modulated electron” will resume its path now as one “embedded electric charge.” This way the process of light emission by the absorption of energy and the flow of “electric charges” will have two distinctive pathways. Both however will be a direct consequence of an “activation-modulation” sequence on “orbital envelopes.”
I suppose I don’t need to mention the fact that a bunch of mathematical “tricks,” often called “renormalization”, was forged in order to “fit” that theory with “reality”…(?)
A- FACTS ABOUT THE EXISTENCE OF THE “QUANTUM ORBITAL ENVELOPE.”
In 1928, a physicist named Felix Bloch proposed a theory about the circulation of electric charges in solids (crystals). He realized that the density of “electric charges” moving across a given material depended in great degree to an observed “periodicity” in the electronic configuration of the material. Interestingly enough, he compared what it was known today as ‘Bloch Waves’ to some sort of “envelopes.” His theory is today deeply used and studied in the field known as “Condensed Matter Physics.” But the greatest observation [from a more personal point of view] is that the net momentum of electrons along those “periodical spaces” [“brillouin zones”] were “comparable” and “proportional” with the presence of “thermal phonons” linked to vibrations commonly observed between neighboring atoms.
My theory finds inaccurate the argument identifying “moving electric charges” as a flow of those same electrons thought to be part of those “energy levels” inside electronic shells also in charge of forming molecular bonds. ‘Electric charges’ are the sequential flow of “modulated signals” imprinted into the same energy wave previously stored in “orbital envelopes.” The day I found the answer behind the electrical conduction I must admit that I was amazed by its inherent simplicity and beauty.
Physicists have always taken for granted that current {as the flow of “electric charges”} was made out of the same “electrons” believed to orbit the shell of every atom in the universe. To my knowledge no single theory (official or not) would dare to deny this particular “fact.” …Mine however did it today.
Allow me to share the insides of my own “version”:
By looking at my MODEL for the electronic configuration of shells, in the absence of other reasons, perfect and complete neutrality is always guaranteed.
The inclusion of a “BOND” -like in the case of most common conductors (in metals like Al and Cu, for example)- will produce what I defined as a “modulation in amplitude and frequency of the “carrier wave.” {Please see “Fig. 11” for references}
The process is similar to the one encounter in “transistors.” “Our carrier” of “electric charges” will be the potential between two extremes of the circuit. When voltage is applied to it, the “carrier” will become “activated” after one cycle, and ready to transport. In case there were no “single ODD pattern to “read” (“a single electron”) the “carrier” would remain in its “static mode;” I called it “static carrier.” On the other hand, if as the result of the conclusion of the “4 frames vector analysis” a resultant equivalent of one ODD vector would emerge, “our carrier” would “imprint” inside its “wave format” the corresponding “signal” and carry it away along the circuit.
“THE PUZZLE OF MOTT INSULATORS”
There is one exception, thought! The particular case when a molecule supposed to be a good conductor of electricity behaves like an insulator. [“MOTT insulators”].
I’m aware of “Hubbard’s theory” in trying to solve the puzzle. He proposed an assumed repulsion between interacting electrons by the means of their “coulomb forces,” I respectfully disagree.
I believe that in some particular cases of molecular bonding between two atoms with a “non-compatible” energy level, the “coordinates of the actual bond” will DIFFER from the ones the actual molecular bond was supposed to happen. This is called “precession” in theoretical terms.
This “accident” won’t change the fact that our “orbital envelope” will keep “reading” the actual bond coordinates as the angular momentum resumes along the 4 (four) frames of each cycle, yet no “electron” will result from it (!)
What could be the reason for such ‘unexpected’ behavior?
I believe that a net magnetic momentum of many molecules in the crystal will orient each other in such a way that the “emerging dipole” caused by the “net vector cancellation” will result in “zero.”
If you look at “Fig. 11” you’ll notes that the relative position [location] of each harmonics in the 4 (four) quadrants of the vector analysis will be 100% symmetrical. In the search for a needed “energy-match” between two atomic shells with some degree of ‘energy-incompatibility’ present, the atom with the lowest energy vector will “adjust” its coupling angle with the “host” by a displacement in relation with the “host’s orbit.” That “dimensional” adjustment will result in a small approximation toward either the “y” or the “x” axes, depending on the particular conditions of the case, bringing the mentioned “polarity” to the bond. I believe the right chemical concept would be “polarized covalent bonds.”
“Electrical conductivity” will depend {atom-wise} on the achievement of a symmetrical configuration at molecular bond levels.
To provide an example of a typical insulator let’s mention “foam.”
Since carbon atoms bond to other carbons and hydrogen in the same orbit, the final modulation of ‘electric charges’ would result in asymmetry and therefore in “no conduction” state.
“Besides bond polarity, the other factor that decides if a molecule is polar is the molecule's symmetry. Even if a compound contains only polar bonds, it may be non-polar overall as the direction of the polarities cancel each other out, giving the molecule a net polarity of zero. This occurs in boron trifluoride, which contains three identical polar bonds all canceling each other out due to their symmetrical arrangement trigonal planar, tetrahedral and linear bonding arrangements often lead to symmetrical, non-polar molecules which contain polar bonds. On the other hand, even if a compound contains only non-polar bonds, it may be polar overall if it is a non-symmetric shape; for example, all the bonds in ozone are non-polar (between atoms of the same element), but the ozone molecule is nevertheless polar, because of its bent shape and the resulting asymmetry in electron distribution.” (wikipedia/ 2007)
>>> “MAGNETIC ASYMMETRY” crystal-wise will be responsible for the “canceling-modulation” resulting in “no electrons” in “MOTT insulators.”<<<
BAND THEORY
Let’s assume for a moment that we had a ‘periodic space’ composed by a number of “brillouin zones.” If we considered the structure of “orbital envelopes” as a “carrier wave” any “odd pattern” they might encounter as they spin around the atomic shells could be considered as a form of “modulation.” If the “modulating signal”- at the end of the “zone”- would correspond to that of 1 (one) electron, we probably had a wave that would “carry” the exact “blueprint” of one electron per each atom included inside that specific periodicity and I’m not talking “statistics.” It wasn’t a “lone and single electron” what, after abandoned its bond, start “moving” along the wire. It was the “network” of “quantum orbital envelopes” [BAND] what’s “in charge” of transmitting the existence of an ODD pattern -“single-electron-bond”- by means of a frequency-intensity “encrypted wave.” A silicone wafer in semi-conducting materials will mimic a STATIC CARRIER BAND. Let’s assumed that the semiconducting wafer had been “doped” with Aluminum and Arsenic atoms. Once voltage was applied to the circuit, both “carriers” [LOW-BAND and HIGH-BAND respectively] will “read” the presence of an “open shell” “modulating” their own “carriers” [BANDS] with a “signal” equal to the values of intensity and frequency characteristics of each atom’s “electron-coordinates.” It is as if the entire “orbital envelope” of both “doping atoms” would be “reduced” into the wave equal of “one electric charge” as the “scan process” completed the entire orbit within one cycle of 4 (four) frames.
Those “electric charges” resulting from “LOW-BAND MODULATION” (for unknown reasons) will be called “HOLES.” On the other hand, those “electric charges” produced by the scanning of “HIGH-BAND MODULATION” will keep the classic name of “electrons.” Their RELATIVE energies will be different and that fact will be responsible for changes on the actual ‘transfer of energy’ or so-called “density of electric charges” flowing throughout the crystal at any moment.
“STATIC BANDS” won’t contribute to the energy transfer [flow of current] since they have no ODD pattern to copy from, but they will serve as “backbones” to keep the other two inside a “neutral environment.”
This last part of my statement is very important (!) Let me repeat it again: “…within one cycle of 4 (four) frames.” In simple English it may read, “It’s not done until it’s over.” Just like seen before in “Fig. 11” concerning molecular bonds between two atoms, a quantum is precisely a quantum because it can’t be “split” in smaller pieces. So, by the same token any analysis concerning molecular bonds, absorption and emission of phonos and the “internal modulation” of the “orbital envelope” in the flow of “charges” can’t be conclusive until the 4 (four) frames are completely “covered.”
“A band gap” is the energy separation between two different levels of “orbital envelopes” [true carriers of “electric charges”].