[dleviwing]

Two of science’s most plaguing questions can be answered quite simply using simple classical Newtonian physics and the Toronic concept.

The oldest one, “What is the origin of mass?” is nothing more than the quantitative measure of uniform motion of an object or system; this translates to “potential energy”.

The second question “What is causing the universe to accelerate?” is a bit more involved and relates to Newton’s action/reaction law. For this we need to understand the dynamics of a moving luminous body and the propagation of radiant energy. To propagate in the direction of travel requires a greater energy and would produce a shorter wavelength. To propagate in the opposite direction of travel would require less energy and produce longer wavelengths. Thus propagation would occur more frequently in the opposite direction of travel producing a type of EM thrust on the luminous object; the thrust may be extremely small but over several billion years it accumulates. There is no need to change the cosmological constant or actually to even have one.